Apollo 11 - first to land on the moon
50th anniversary in the summer of 2019



   The anniversary of the first Moon landing was July 20, 2019. Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two people on the Moon in 1969, six months shy of the deadline President Kennedy imposed deadline of getting a man to the moon and back again before the end of the decade.
   The mission commander was Neil Armstrong and the lunar module pilot was Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin Jr. Both men landed the lunar module with the codename Eagle. Meanwhile, command module pilot Michael Collins stayed in orbit aboard the Apollo spacecraft with the codename Columbia.

The mission:
Dates: Jul 16, 1969 – Jul 24, 1969
Launch date: July 16, 1969, 8:32 AM GMT-5
EVA duration: 2 hours, 31 minutes 40 seconds
Spacecraft: Apollo CSM-107; Apollo LM-5

   The 111-meter- (363-foot-) high, 3,038,500-kg (6,698,700-pound) Saturn V launch vehicle launched the three men into Earth orbit from Pad 39A at Cape Kennedy July 16, 1969, 8:32 AM GMT-5.

   I watched the launch of the Apollo 11 on top the Saturn V at the home of my friend, James Bradfield. I even brought my model of the Saturn V rocket.

   In Earth orbit, the third stage of the Saturn booster fired to start the crew on their 376,400-km (234,000-mile) journey to the Moon. The Saturn V third stage with the Apollo spacecraft and the LEM tucked inside the third stage booster left Earth's orbit (Only the third time that had been done by manned spacecraft. Others were Apollo 8, which circled the moon, and Apollo 10, which made a practice run at a Moon landing taking a LEM with them.)

   I watched the Saturn V third stage and Apollo spacecraft leave Earth's immediate vicinity the evening it left Earth orbit. Walter Cronkite told me in the news coverage sometime earlier that day how to spot the craft. It looked like a satellite going across the sky.

   They reached the Moon and orbited.


Apollo 11 patch
The Apollo 11 patch
Apollo 11 crew
The Apollo 11 crew: Commander Neil A. Armstrong, left, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, center, Lunar Module Pilot Buzz Aldrin, right
   I remember the coverage of the actual Moon landing which I watched on a television set in my dad's fishing camp.

From NASA:

   "At about 150 metres (500 feet) above the surface, Armstrong began maneuvering the craft manually (although the main engine continued under automatic control) to avoid landing in a rock-strewn crater.,br>    "For about a minute and a half, Armstrong hovered Eagle, moving it laterally with the reaction control system until he found a clear area on which to descend. Then the contact light went on inside the cockpit, as the 172-cm (68-inch) probes dangling below Eagle’s footpads signaled contact with the ground. One second later the descent rocket engine was cut off, as the astronauts gazed down onto a sheet of lunar soil blown radially in all directions. Armstrong then radioed at 4:17 pm U.S. Eastern Daylight Time (EDT), “Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed.” Eagle had touched down in the Sea of Tranquility, an area selected for its level and smooth terrain."

   That evening, I was by myself in the back room of my house on Lake McQueeney watching the coverage on a small black and white TV.

From NASA:
   "At 10:56 pm EDT on July 20, Armstrong stepped out onto the lunar soil with the words, 'That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.' (In the excitement of the moment, Armstrong skipped the 'a' in the statement that he had prepared.) He immediately described the surface as “fine and powdery” and said that there was no difficulty moving about. Aldrin joined his companion about 20 minutes later.
   "During their moon walk of more than two hours, Armstrong and Aldrin set up a device to measure the composition of the solar wind reaching the Moon, a device to receive laser beams from astronomical observatories on Earth to determine the exact distance of the two bodies from one another, and a passive seismometer to measure moonquakes and meteor impacts long after the astronauts had returned home. They also took about 23 kg (50 pounds) of rock and soil samples, took many photographs, and maintained constant communication with mission control in Houston. After 21 hours 38 minutes on the Moon’s surface, the astronauts used Eagle’s ascent stage to launch it back into lunar orbit. After various maneuvers, Eagle once again docked with Collins in Columbia, and the trip back to Earth began soon afterward."

   There are lessons to be learned from the Moon landing.
   One was from the mother of my friend, James Bradfield, who at their house when I came over complained about "wasting money" on the space program. I looked at her life and shook my head. Yes, they were poor. But that's not the point. Without reaching for that which is difficult, we'll never get anywhere no matter how much money we do or do not have.
   I didn't hear President Kennedy making his promise to reach the Moon at the time. I remember the recording of that speech many times. "We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too."
   He threw down the gaunlet of challenge. Challenge is what keeps us alive. Challenge is what keeps us going. Without challenge, we'd just be people content to live on hand outs and sit in our trailers and wait for the government to take care of us. Don't you think that's great? Yeah, right.
   I believe Kennedy had a message for the American people then and that message still resounds today. We need to reach into ourselves and meet the challenge of life, whatever it is.
   You can say we need another Kennedy to lead us. No, we don't need another Kennedy. We need for ourselves to stand up and reach for what we want and never give up.
   In the words of another leader (albeit fictional), "Never give up, never surrender."



Saturn V launching Apollo 11
Saturn V launching Apollo 11

Apollo 11 Moon landing
The Apollo 11 Moon landing


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